Go to your website and refresh the page that was not working. Save the file and re-upload it to your server. * That’s all, stop editing! Happy publishing. */ text within this file.ĭefine(‘WP_HOME’,’ ’) ĭefine(‘WP_SITEURL’,’ ’) If you make a mistake, you may take your website offline.Simply add the following code above the /* That’s all, stop editing…. Be sure to make a backup of the wp-config.php file in case you make a mistake. If you CAN NOT access the WordPress Admin but you have FTP access to the website, you can download and edit the wp-config.php file. If you CAN access your WordPress Admin, you should check to make sure that the URLS are EXACTLY the SAME under the site settings located on the left of your admin. Contact your current host for help with this before you start the process below. I began by performing the following tasks:īACKUP THE WEBSITE AND DATABASE: You should first log in to your control panel and back up your entire website, database, files, etc. Really? You break my website, then you tell me you can fix it for a fee? No thank you.Ĭheck to see if your website is secure here: (not an affiliate link – just a great free tool to check your website security) the website was still not viewable or working on any device or browser on multiple operating systems. Godaddy stated they could fix this issue for a small fee. So, once the SSL was installed, we encountered the, “Too Many Redirects”warning. If your website is still offline after 3 days, you should contact Godaddy via phone to check it the SSL was installed correctly. Sometimes it is faster or slower depending on the certificate. ![]() Godaddy does state “your website may go offline from 24-72 hours while the SSL is being installed and approved” by their system. ![]() The website then went offline shortly after the SSL install. They should have consulted with us first before making the site secure. My client then contacted Godaddy and had them install a Digital Security Certificate for the website. ![]() We moved the database and the files over and redirected and updated all urls for the site. My client’s website initially worked fine after the move to Godaddy. Recently, After Dark Grafx moved a website that was developed on our staging servers over to GoDaddy’s Managed WordPress Hosting– ( yes, clicking the link is an affiliate referral). I couldn’t find “one” solution that worked for me, so I had to do some research and narrowed it down to the following.
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![]() With a ripstop shell and insulation made from 100% recycled materials, it's warmer and more durable than ever. The NFL Original Puffy Blanket is a packable, portable blanket that goes everywhere, from the stadium to the couch. Take help from our sewing tutorial videos to get inspired and check out our fabric glossary page to learn more about the different types of fabrics at our store.Gear up for football season with officially licensed NFL Original Puffy Blankets for all 32 NFL teams. JOANN offers you a huge collection of fabrics, sewing supplies, buttons and more to help you finish all your sewing projects. They flaunt delightful prints and patterns in beautiful complementing hues and will make the perfect fabric to make blankets, throws, loungewear, pajamas, hoodies, pullovers and more. Plush and comfy, JOANN’s fleece fabrics are just what you need to sew apparel and cozy up your home for the winter season. Take help from our sewing tutorial videos to get inspired and check out our fabric glossary page to learn more about the different types of fabrics at our store. You can also check out our printed fleece fabrics and choose fabrics to create cozy Halloween or patriotic panel quilts. Shop sweatshirt fleece by the yard to make the trendiest of sweatshirts and hoodies that you flaunt this winter. We also have holiday fleece fabrics in beautiful shades and Christmas themes that are perfect for sewing or decor projects. Surprise your little one with apparel or bags stitched with our character fleece fabrics. Wear shorts, jackets and accessories made from our team fleece fabrics and show your true sportsman spirit. Pick your choice from our range of solid fleece fabrics in lovely hues that are perfect for making throws or blankets and add color to your home decor. JOANN offers you a wide collection of fleece fabrics for any season, occasion or festival. Check out our collection and buy fabric in bulk at the best price. ![]() Buy our velvety smooth mink fabric by the yard or fluffy sew lush fleece fabrics to create pajamas, burp cloths or baby blankets. ![]() Choose our luxe fleece fabrics that are soft to the touch to sew warm and comfy apparel. Our luxurious anti-pill plush fleece fabrics will be perfect for coats, throws and no-sew projects. Design trendy winter wear for your family or blankets and handmade gifts for charitable donations with our blizzard fleece fabrics. ![]() JOANN offers different types of fleece fabrics for your specific sewing requirements. Homes that had passed the test for many winters in a row, can suddenly realize that their roof and gutters had been improperly installed without their knowledge. The problems usually reveal themselves on the northern colder side of the home first. Entire communities can go many years in a row without ice damming on roof then one particular year they can experience extreme cold conditions day after day that causes huge numbers of roof edge leakage problems and gutter backups that wreak havoc throughout entire neighborhoods. Some winters are extremely mild while other winters pack a severe punch of many extremely cold days in a row without experiencing a thaw. During extreme winter weather, we might only get three days of work per week but we roofed all 52 weeks of the year right through the summer and the winter seasons. ![]() Some Winters are Worse: I gained an understanding of winter gutter requirements when I spent 25 years roofing, right through the winter in Rhode Island. The properly installed gutter with the properly ventilated roof and soffit will not experience water infiltration or condensation moisture. Sometimes gutters do not work, so let's just make sure gutters are installed in such a way that they don't leak into the building regardless of the weather conditions. Additionally, the gutter system should experience no leakage to the interior of the building, even when the gutters are full of ice and it begins to rain. The homeowner or building owner must have a building envelope that does not experience real problems when the gutters are locked in ice and nothing is flowing. Gutters and downspouts will fill with ice and become completely non-functional at times during the winter the proper gutter design and installation should begin with this in mind. Often, gutter drainage stops due to ice and the water and ice ends up on the walkway or in the basement anyway. Those owners might consider a better gutter design when they consider the fact that nothing flows when there is ice in gutters and downspouts. ![]() Unfortunately you cant avoid iced gutters. People often ask me “ How do I stop my gutters from filling with ice?. Such elaborate gutter designs are often due to the owner attempting to avoid draining onto certain areas that might end up on a deck, in the basement, or flowing over a walkway. People often resist the valuable suggestion of adding more downspout drainage to improve gutter performance. Gutter Ice Melting Cables: Active Method, Techniqueįace the Fact Gutter Ice Doesn't Flow: Sometimes I have to laugh at the elaborate gutter designs I see with lengthy 50 foot stretches of gutter sporting two 90 degree miters attempting to carry the rain water on a long twisting and turning journey draining into a single well placed downspout at one end.Decreasing Gutter Ice: Simple Passive Method, A Useful Technique.Modern Gutter flashing, assure against gutter ice backup leakage.Old Timer’s technique, Copper gutter lining worked well.Roof Ventilation & Insulation Decreases Roof Ice Problems.Gutter Ice Backup Leakage is preventable.Inadequate fascia behind and above the gutter?.Gutter installers in southern climates can cheat and relax the gutter installation standards to some degree, but Mother Nature will make a fool out of those who do not follow the gutter rules in freezing climates. Before installing gutters in northern climates, it makes sense to understand some of the concepts and employ certain gutter installation techniques to defend against winter gutter ice problems. Improperly vented soffits or jets, and poorly installed gutters can experience ice damming, ice jamming, ice backup and leakage into the building. The thoughtful gutter installer should recognize that in northern climates, a poorly vented roof combined with an improperly installed gutter, will experience gutter ice growth which can expand upward defying the laws of gravity. The fact that during the winter season gutters can become locked in ice and entirely non-flowing and nonfunctional, makes the sensitive gutter installer think twice or even three times about gutter installation methods and gutter drainage design Yes, the thinking woman or man, should think about the fact that no water will flow when below 32 degrees Fahrenheit. In northern colder climates, a building’s gutters can freeze to a solid block of ice. ![]() How To Prevent Ice Dams in Gutters and Roofs: ![]() We will notify you when your order is ready to collect. So play around with your photo tiles, mix tiles, and make your perfect photo collage. Bring your memories to life or create unique gifts for your loved ones. Get one free premium tile every month with no subscriptions and no commitments.
![]() ![]() You didn’t properly map the controller buttons to the emulator’s keybindings.Hardware problems with your controller or PC.Compatibility issues with your controller or PC.Incorrect configuration of the controller plugin or PCSX2 settings.There could be several reasons why your PCSX2 controller setup isn’t working correctly: Why Is My PCSX2 Controller Setup Not Working? LilyPad supports multiple different inputs including a keyboard and mouse, an Xbox 360 controller, PS2 and PS3 controllers, and many other 3rd controllers. These days, LilyPad comes preinstalled with the emulator and you can access it by going to the Config menu, selecting the Controllers (Pad) option, and then Plugin Settings. LilyPad is the most commonly used controller plugin for PCSX2. What Is the Best PCSX2 Controller Plugin to Use? The guide above explains the process step-by-step, but essentially configuring a controller with PCSX2 really just comes down to connecting the controller to your PC, mapping its buttons to the emulator’s keybindings, saving the changes, and then starting up a game. Frequently Asked Questions How to Set Up a PS2 Controller Emulator for PCSX2 on PC You’ll want to be sure that when you press down the controller’s button to map them to the emulator’s key configuration and that they’re recognized before clicking to apply the changes.Īlso be sure to check out our guide for settings up the RetroArch PS2 Core PCSX2. If you have any issues and your controller isn’t recognized, carefully follow the steps again to ensure that you didn’t miss anything. Setting up a controller to use with the PCSX2 emulator is pretty straightforward as long as you know the steps to take. You should now be good to go and ready to play your PS2 games using a controller.Now start up a PS2 game and make sure the emulator recognizes the controller you just configured.Click the Apply button and then click on the OK button to update the controller mapping settingsĬlick the Apply button and then click on the OK button to update the controller mapping settings.Next, click on the Quick Setup button and then press down all the buttons on your controller to have them all recognized by the emulator.Apply the following settings shown in the screenshot below and then click the Apply and the OK buttons to save the settingsĪpply the following settings shown in the screenshot below and then click the Apply and the OK buttons to save the settings.Go to Config > Controllers (PAD) and then click on Plugin Settings… Go to Config > Controllers (PAD) and then click on Plugin Settings….To get started, follow the initial instructions below before moving on. Setting up a controller to use with PCSX2 can be done in just a few simple steps. Where Can I Download the LilyPad Controller Plugin for PCSX2? How To Set Up A PCSX2 Controller? ![]() If Google Analytics is deployed via Google Tag Manager, this cookie will be named _dc_gtm_. The ID is used only to identify the session for the statistics and is completely anonymous. The cookie is created when the javascript library executes and is updated every time data is sent to Google Analytics. Stores the traffic source or campaign that explains how the user reached your site. Historically, this cookie operated in conjunction with the_utmbcookie to determine whether the user was in a new session/visit. The cookie is updated every time data is sent to Google Analytics. The cookie is created when the javascript library executes and no existing _utmb cookies exists. The cookie is created when the javascript library executes and no existing _utma cookies exists. Stores a value ‘audioalert = true’ after the first Browsealoud audio alert. No personally identifiable data is stored. Stores an object containing user specific API settings for the Browsealoud toolbar such as voice and language selection, user preferences set in the toolbar settings panel and selected styles for word highlighting. Stores an object containing user specific settings for the Browsealoud toolbar such as dialog positions and button states. Used to remember your choice for analytical cookies. For example, remembering your display settings and online complaint form preferences. A hybrid mix of in-person attendees and remote meeting participants will be an inevitable component of our “new normal.This helps the site to function smoothly during your visit.Consider the meeting from the remote participant perspective When planning your meeting as yourself: What do remote participants need to see in order to fully engage? Should they be able to see the faces of in-room attendees, shared presentations, physical documents handed out, content created during the meeting on whiteboards, etc.?.Test the technology in your conference room in advance.Nothing kills a meeting’s momentum like AV issues. Prior to any meeting, test the audio-visual set up - both in-room and for the remote attendees. cc./cache.aspxd4804947658439869&w9EB11Ip4wEeJCfgW9o圎O16zc5aIB9n Intime doccdf doc selfservice Site Stats (6 days ago) intime doccdf doc selfservice intime log in dc. Use a Headset, especially noise-cancelling headsets, are an excellent tool for participating in conference calls in noisy offices.dc.gov help find dc’s most wanted, call doc at (202) 715-7541 or contact your local police station. automated inmate deposits information on adding funds to a doc inmate account.Harness the power of muting & un-muting.Find a quiet place, especially if you are leading the meeting.No need to camp out all day, use your agency conference room protocols to find the right room for you. If you have been working remote your desk phone may have been forwarded to your mobile device by you or your Agency Telecom Coordinator.Depending on your desk phone model, you can cancel call forwarding by.Cisco phone- Press CFwdAll softkey right below your display screen.Avaya phone- Enter #22 OR select the call forward hard key on your key pad.Test it: Call the Desk Telephone number, the call should ring solely there.Need to activate or re-activate your call forwarding?.InTime is a secure, cloud-based software-as-a-service hosted on Amazon Web Services (AWS) and is accessible via 3 InTime product components. Cisco phone- Press the CFwdAll softkey, enter 9+ (10 digit) destination #. Scheduling software built for law enforcement and public safety.If it is a long distance #, enter (1) before the 10 digit #.Avaya phone- Enter *22 àenter 9+ (10 digit) destination #.If it is a long distance # enter (1) before the 10 digit #. Please contact your Agency Telecom Coordinator (ATC) for further assistance.Need a hybrid solution that will support your calls ringing to your desk phone and mobile device simultaneously? Consider the following features (one time programming fee applies).Cisco phone- Single Number Reach (SNR) feature allows users to answer incoming calls to their extension on either their desktop phone or at a remote destination, such as a mobile phone. Intime login dc doc Multiple personal phone numbers can be configured. Users can pick up active calls on the desktop phone or the remote phone without losing the connection. Avaya phone- EC500 allows you to receive calls to your desk phone and your mobile phone simultaneously.Avaya phone- EC500 allows you to receive calls to your desk phone and your mobile phone simultaneously.Users can pick up active calls on the desktop phone or the remote phone without losing the connection. Multiple personal phone numbers can be configured. Please contact your Agency Telecom Coordinator (ATC) to begin submission for these requests. Breakthrough BrokerħDS Associates is a consulting business by the Notorious Rob Hahn and his wife, Sunny. These are gurus and specialists with practical solutions and coaching for real estate agents and teams to implement into their businesses. There is the list of top real estate experts: Most of these folks don’t have their own products (websites, CRMs, etc), but rather help match you to the best systems and strategies for you. Whether you are a single agent just starting out, a broker, or an executive, here are some of the top consulting and real estate technology trend gurus in our industry. You no doubt already follow some of the top sites to stay on top of real estate tech news and trends. Looking for an expert to plug some holes in your business? Need some guidance? How To Change GoDaddy DNS Records 2.Published by Brian E Adams on JanuJanuary 18, 2021 Refer to the following help articles for instructions on how to change the DNS records: 1. Note: If you choose the Root Domain option, you will need to change the DNS records on your site before the setup will be complete. It’s free and quick, and you can change it later.Ĭlick either the "Choose Subdomain" or "Choose Root Domain" button, enter your domain name, then click on "Finish Setup." If you’re at all unsure, we highly recommend using the subdomain option to start. ![]() How-To Purchase A Domain & Domain Name Tips.In this final step of the setup, you’ll choose whether you want to use what’s called a “subdomain” or a “root domain.” We have several articles in the Help Center to help you understand the difference between these two options and decide which one is right for you. How-To Add or Change Your Social Media Links.Need to update your social media links on your AgentID Site? Click here: We recommend a Facebook Business Page that has your name, for example.Īnd if you don’t use a social media platform listed here, that’s okay! Just leave it blank and click "Next." Visitors to your site will be able to access the social media profiles you add here via icons on your site, so make sure the links you include here are to profiles that represent you and your business well. Having your social media accounts on your AgentID Site is a form of social proof for site visitors, demonstrating that you're a real person and providing them with additional avenues for learning about you to evaluate if they should see you as a reliable source of real estate information. Social Proof - Social proof is a powerful marketing tactic that you see everywhere in your daily life: online reviews to the side of an online order form or comments on an advertisement, for example.Connecting your social media accounts to your AgentID Sites is the fastest way for Google to start acknowledging your site as an authority on your identity, which is crucial to getting your AgentID Site to show up on the first page of search results when people look for you online. Because of this trust, search engines like Google put a lot of stock into the data they provide. SEO - Social media platforms like Facebook and Instagram are credible and recognized sources of information about people and businesses.Connecting your social media accounts to your AgentID Site has two major benefits: In this step, you'll be adding links to your social media profiles. Step 4: Connect Your Social Media Profiles When you've selected your color, click on "Next." The theme color is an accent to that and is what people will see when they hover over links on your site, for example.Ĭlick the orange box to change your theme color (you can click and drag in the slider or enter a specific hex code). The AgentID Sites are a template, which means they will all have the same basic look. Need help crafting an awesome bio? Check out these resources: Once you've confirmed your info, click "Next." If you wish to change your email address on file with us, please email into. This will cause login issues with your AgentID Site and the Paperless Agent Dashboard. Most of this is pulled from your Paperless Agent account, so make sure to update it to reflect how you want your contact information to display on your customer-facing site. The next screen is where you will confirm your contact information. ![]() Once you've reviewed the information, click the "Next" button to proceed to step 2 of the AgentID Site setup. The first screen you will see is a brief overview of the benefits of the AgentID Sites. ![]() Step 1: Review the Benefits of the AgentID Site Note that you can always make changes to the information you input here, so try not to overthink anything! The info below will detail the steps of the setup wizard. Once you are logged into your Dashboard, click the "Tools" tab at the top or go to Section 2. ![]() Bookmark the Paperless Agent Dashboard URL: ![]() It is sung in Kidsongs: Adventures in Biggleland: Billy's Birthday. It was originally sung by Chubby Checker. I hope you have as much fun as they did with my own limbo song, or the limbo video below or some of the other great musical traditions from this beautiful part of the world.Limbo Rock is a popular song about limbo dancing written by Kal Mann (under the pseudonym Jon Sheldon) and Billy Strange. So I created the new song on the spot about what was going on – they were dancing fast and slow, going left and right, and I kept adding simple verses so they could just keep having fun with the song and the game. I wrote this song while singing for a group of school children who did not want to stop dancing. I’ve used the tune of a popular Caribbean song called “Tingalayo” and added verses about the dance. I’ve written a song called “Do The Limbo” that is great for playing with children and perfect for learning English. Most folks in the United States recognize a song by Chubby Checker called the Limbo Rock and you can play that song as a Youtube video from the link below. ![]() If you’d like to learn more about the early days of this dance, a record company called Putumayo has created a CD of original recordings from the early days of calypso music (see link below). There are some wonderful traditional and popular limbo songs you can explore. ![]() What music can you play? You can find any great music with an island beat to accompany the limbo. However, when playing at a party or with children, feel free to make up the rules that work best to keep the dance a fun activity for all. It was also covered by Fozzie Bear and The Muppets, Eric Winstone Orchestra, Arthur Lyman, David Carroll and His Orchestra and other artists. They may not touch the pole or touch the ground. The Champs originally recorded Limbo Rock written by Billy Strange and The Champs released it on the single Tequila Twist in 1961. Dancers must lean back to go underneath the pole. Since the limbo pole was originally a broom, you can use an extra broom pole, a bamboo stick or any other long pole that is available. If you’d like to try the limbo, the dance is easy and fun and can be adapted to a classroom, summer camp, backyard, beach or party setting. That happier, more joyous limbo celebration became the dance that has made it’s way all around the globe. However, sometime after the 1950’s and 1960’s, calypso music became very popular and the limbo became better known as a dance done with colorful clothing and upbeat, happy music. Originally the limbo was done as a solemn and slow dance or ritual, sometimes as part of wakes or funerals. In order to get over to see each another, the slaves needed to cross under very low spaces. The slaves were held separately – with men and women in different areas of the ship. The limbo was brought to Caribbean islands with slaves from Africa. ![]() Sadly, the history of the limbo is not a pleasant one. And someone is always asking: “How low can you go?” It’s not an easy task – but it is a lot of fun. If you touch the stick, touch the ground or fall over you are out of the game. Wright10 Disney Favorites: Songs from the Sea 1998 Walt Disney RecordsReleased on: 2006-0. Have you ever heard the music of Trinidad or Tobago or the other beautiful islands in the Caribbean? If you’ve seen movies about that part of the world you’ve probably watched a crowd of people enjoying festive music and trying to see who can get under a limbo pole that gets lower and lower every time the dancers approach it. Provided to YouTube by Universal Music GroupLimbo Rock Check out their website for additional discounts from Enterprise, Lyft, Grubhub, Vistaprint, Adobe, and more.Īutomatic Expense Reports: No more saving receipts or filling out forms. Get double the rewards with monthly payments, four times the rewards with bi-monthly payments, and seven times the rewards with weekly payments!Ĭredits and discounts: Divvy has partnered with various companies to bring you special offers like $150 off Google Ads, $50 off a new Costco membership, and $50 off a new phone at Verizon. Here are some of the many features offered by Divvy:Ī generous rewards system: Earn incentives based on how you pay your bills. In addition, check your financial health in real-time with Divvy’s easy-to-use dashboard. Submit expense reports, check budget progress, reimburse employees, and manage virtual cards, all from Divvy’s streamlined platform. ![]() Prevent teams from overspending with a number of built-in budget controls and incentives. Divvy recently merged with cloud-based software giant in a transaction reported to be worth $2.5 billion.ĭivvy combines expense management software with smart corporate credit cards that give you real-time budget safeguards. Their original mission was simple: to help companies eliminate manual expense reporting, eliminate fraud, and stop overspending. In addition, positive cash flow doesn’t necessarily mean that you’re making money.ĭo you have a budget? How do you keep track of sales, labor costs, and other expenses? If you have employees with expense accounts, are you waiting until the end of the month to see what happens to your account balance? If you’re ready to get rid of the legal pads and the angst, Divvy has the expense management and business budgeting software you need to take control of your finances.ĭivvy was founded in 2016 by co-founders Blake Murray and Alex Bean as the first free, automated budgeting and expense management platform. So, how do you keep up? If all you’re doing is checking your business account balance periodically, you may be missing out on a number of opportunities to maximize your revenue. Unless you’re generating some really serious revenue, you probably don’t have dedicated marketing, HR, or finance departments to help you check off the to-do list. ![]() Your business thrives on positive reviews, so chances are your top priority is ensuring the best customer experience possible. Anything and everything to do with day-to-day operations fall squarely on your shoulders inventory management, hiring, training, customer service, advertising, and on and on. ![]() If you run a small to midsize business, you know the drill. ![]() McCullough's outsized biography of the bridge attempts to capture in one majestic sweep the full glory of the achievement but the story sags mightily in the middle. Like the Atlantic cable and the Suez Canal it was a gigantic embodiment in steel and concrete of the Age of Enterprise. It took 14 years to build and it cost 15 million dollars and the lives of 20 workmen. ![]() Part biography, part science report, and part meditation on how the chaos that caused Miller’s existential misery could also bring self-acceptance and a loving wife, this unique book is an ingenious celebration of diversity and the mysterious order that underlies all existence. ![]() ![]() Miller concludes that Jordan displayed the characteristics of someone who relied on “positive illusions” to rebound from disaster and that his stand on eugenics came from a belief in “a divine hierarchy from bacteria to humans that point…toward better.” Considering recent research that negates biological hierarchies, the author then suggests that Jordan’s beloved taxonomic category-fish-does not exist. Later, he was appointed as the founding president of Stanford, where he evolved into a Machiavellian figure who trampled on colleagues and sang the praises of eugenics. In between this catastrophe and others involving family members’ deaths, he reconstructed his collection. Born into an upstate New York farm family, Jordan attended Cornell and then became an itinerant scholar and field researcher until he landed at Indiana University, where his first ichthyological collection was destroyed by lightning. His perseverance intrigued the author, who also discusses the struggles she underwent after her affair with a woman ended a heterosexual relationship. Gathering up all the fish he could save, Jordan sewed the nameplates that had been on the destroyed jars directly onto the fish. A taxonomist who is credited with discovering “a full fifth of fish known to man in his day,” Jordan had amassed an unparalleled collection of ichthyological specimens. Miller began doing research on David Starr Jordan (1851-1931) to understand how he had managed to carry on after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake destroyed his work. As with so many other apparent advances, the cure for one disease may well be the cause of another.Īn eye-opening perspective on biology, ecology, and medicine-well worth reading, even if the subject makes you squeamish.Ī Peabody Award–winning NPR science reporter chronicles the life of a turn-of-the-century scientist and how her quest led to significant revelations about the meaning of order, chaos, and her own existence. Scientists speculate that, without parasites to repel, the immune system turns its attention to otherwise minor irritants such as dust mites and cat dander. The biggest surprise: rainforest Indians in Venezuela, commonly infested with intestinal parasites, are almost entirely free of asthma. But to most readers, the real meat of the book will be its description of the ways in which parasites affect the human race. Parasitologists believe that this sort of behavior, making some infected animals 30 times more likely to be eaten, has a profound effect on the balance of predator and prey species in the wild. Many parasites sterilize their prey, diverting energy from reproductive activity to the creation of food for the parasite. Some parasites can modify the behavior of their intermediate hosts, making them more vulnerable to the predators that are their final hosts: Toxoplasma, which passes from rats to cats, turns off a panic mechanism triggered by the smell of cat urine, so the rats no longer instinctively avoid their feline hunters. Living inside another creature’s body requires developing elaborate ways to dodge the immune system, from hiding in cysts to releasing tame viruses that decoy defenses from the actual threat. His subjects range in size from the protozoan Plasmodium (which can fit inside a human red blood cell) to tapeworms, which can grow 60 feet long. Parasites, the stuff of many people’s nightmares, are a biologist’s dream-superbly adapted creatures that have evolved sophisticated strategies for living off their hosts.ĭiscover editor Zimmer ( At the Water’s Edge, 1998) describes the parasites’ lifestyles in vivid detail. |
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